What term describes risks that are more prone to losses than the average risk?

The term that describes risks that are more prone to losses than the average risk is "Adverse Selection." This concept arises in the insurance context when individuals or entities who are at higher risk for making a claim are more likely to seek out insurance coverage. As a result, insurers may end up with a disproportionate number of high-risk policyholders, which can lead to higher costs in claims than anticipated.

Adverse selection occurs because there is an imbalance of information between the insurer and the insured; the insured typically knows more about their risk levels than the insurer can ascertain. This phenomenon can significantly impact the financial viability of insurance products. Therefore, understanding adverse selection is crucial for insurance professionals who are tasked with underwriting risks and pricing policies appropriately based on the risk profiles they assess.

In contrast, terms like insurance premium refer to the payment made for coverage, risk pooling describes the practice of grouping multiple risks to spread out the potential losses, and liability insurance is a specific type of coverage that protects against claims resulting from injuries and damage to people or property. None of these terms specifically address the notion of risks being more prone to losses, making adverse selection the correct answer.